Introduction
If you love mangoes, you’re in for a treat. India is known as the mango capital of the world, and for good reason. The country grows hundreds of mango varieties, each with its own unique taste, texture, and aroma. Whether you prefer sweet, tangy, or fibrous mangoes, India has something special for you.
In this article, I’ll take you through the many types of mangoes found in India. You’ll learn about popular varieties, regional favorites, and what makes each one stand out. By the end, you’ll appreciate just how diverse and delicious Indian mangoes really are.
How Many Types of Mangoes Are There in India?
India grows over 1,000 varieties of mangoes, but about 50 of these are commercially significant. These varieties differ in size, color, taste, and season. The diversity is due to India’s varied climate and soil conditions, which allow mango trees to thrive in many regions.
Here are some key points about mango diversity in India:
- Over 1,000 mango varieties exist across the country.
- Around 50 varieties are widely cultivated and sold.
- Mangoes vary by region, with some types unique to specific states.
- The mango season generally runs from March to July, depending on the variety.
This vast range means you can enjoy different mango flavors throughout the season, from early harvests to late-season fruits.
Popular Types of Mangoes in India
Let’s explore some of the most famous and loved mango varieties you’ll find in India. Each has its own story and flavor profile.
Alphonso (Hapus)
Alphonso is often called the “King of Mangoes.” It is famous for its rich, sweet taste and smooth, non-fibrous pulp. Grown mainly in Maharashtra, especially Ratnagiri, Alphonso mangoes have a bright golden-yellow color and a unique aroma.
- Sweet, creamy texture with low fiber.
- Peak season: April to June.
- Used in desserts, juices, and eaten fresh.
Kesar
Kesar mangoes come from Gujarat and are known for their vibrant orange pulp and sweet taste. They have a slightly tangy flavor that balances sweetness perfectly.
- Medium-sized with a bright orange color.
- Season: May to July.
- Popular for making mango pulp and desserts.
Dasheri
Dasheri mangoes are from Uttar Pradesh and are loved for their sweet, fragrant flavor. They have a greenish-yellow skin and a smooth texture.
- Medium-sized with a sweet aroma.
- Season: June to July.
- Often eaten fresh or used in pickles.
Langra
Langra mangoes originate from Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. They have a unique taste that is sweet with a hint of tartness. The skin remains green even when ripe.
- Medium-sized with green skin.
- Season: June to July.
- Known for its distinct flavor and aroma.
Banganapalli (Benishan)
Banganapalli mangoes are popular in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. They are large, with bright yellow skin and a sweet, fiberless pulp.
- Large and elongated shape.
- Season: May to July.
- Used fresh or in mango-based dishes.
Himsagar
Himsagar mangoes come from West Bengal and Odisha. They are small to medium-sized with a sweet, juicy pulp and almost no fiber.
- Yellow skin with a sweet aroma.
- Season: May to June.
- Preferred for fresh eating and desserts.
Regional Varieties of Mangoes in India
India’s mango varieties are often linked to specific regions. Each region’s climate and soil contribute to the mango’s unique characteristics.
North India
- Dasheri and Langra are the most popular.
- Mangoes here tend to have a balance of sweetness and tanginess.
- Uttar Pradesh is a major mango producer.
West India
- Maharashtra produces Alphonso and Kesar mangoes.
- These mangoes are known for their sweetness and aroma.
- Gujarat and Ratnagiri are key growing areas.
South India
- Andhra Pradesh and Telangana grow Banganapalli and Neelum.
- Tamil Nadu produces Neelum and Malgova varieties.
- Mangoes here are often large and sweet.
East India
- West Bengal and Odisha produce Himsagar and Langra.
- Mangoes from this region are juicy and fragrant.
- The climate favors early and mid-season mangoes.
How to Identify Different Mango Varieties
If you want to try different mango types, here are some tips to identify them:
- Color: Some mangoes turn bright yellow (Alphonso), while others stay green (Langra).
- Size and Shape: Alphonso is medium and round; Banganapalli is large and elongated.
- Texture: Fiberless mangoes like Alphonso and Himsagar have smooth pulp.
- Aroma: Alphonso and Kesar have strong, sweet aromas.
- Taste: Some mangoes are very sweet (Alphonso), others have a tangy twist (Kesar).
Why Does India Have So Many Mango Varieties?
India’s mango diversity is due to several factors:
- Climate: Different regions have varying temperatures and rainfall.
- Soil: Varied soil types affect mango growth and flavor.
- Traditional Farming: Farmers have cultivated mangoes for centuries, selecting varieties suited to their land.
- Cultural Importance: Mangoes are deeply embedded in Indian culture, encouraging preservation of many types.
This combination has created a rich mango heritage that continues to grow.
Mango Season and Availability in India
Mango season in India typically starts in March and lasts until July. However, the exact timing depends on the variety and region.
- Early Season: Varieties like Neelum and Himsagar appear in March-April.
- Mid-Season: Alphonso and Kesar peak in April-May.
- Late Season: Dasheri and Langra are available until July.
Thanks to this staggered season, you can enjoy fresh mangoes for several months.
How to Enjoy Indian Mangoes
Indian mangoes are versatile and can be enjoyed in many ways:
- Fresh Eating: Simply peel and eat ripe mangoes.
- Juices and Smoothies: Blend mango pulp for refreshing drinks.
- Desserts: Use mangoes in ice creams, shakes, and puddings.
- Pickles and Chutneys: Some varieties are perfect for tangy pickles.
- Cooking: Mango pulp can be added to curries and sauces.
Try different varieties to discover your favorite flavor and texture.
Preserving and Storing Mangoes
To enjoy mangoes longer, proper storage is important:
- Unripe Mangoes: Keep at room temperature until they ripen.
- Ripe Mangoes: Store in the refrigerator for up to 5 days.
- Mango Pulp: Freeze pulp in airtight containers for months.
- Drying: Some mangoes can be dried to make mango chips or slices.
Proper storage helps retain flavor and freshness.
Conclusion
India’s mango varieties are truly a treasure trove for fruit lovers. With over 1,000 types, each region offers unique flavors and textures. From the sweet Alphonso of Maharashtra to the juicy Himsagar of West Bengal, there’s a mango for every taste.
By understanding the different types and their seasons, you can enjoy fresh mangoes almost half the year. Whether you eat them fresh, in desserts, or as pickles, Indian mangoes bring joy and flavor to your table. So next time you see a mango, remember the rich variety behind this beloved fruit.
FAQs
How many types of mangoes are grown in India?
India grows over 1,000 mango varieties, with around 50 commercially important types widely cultivated and sold.
Which is the most popular mango variety in India?
Alphonso, also known as Hapus, is the most popular and highly prized mango variety in India.
When is mango season in India?
Mango season in India generally runs from March to July, varying by region and variety.
What are some fiberless mango varieties?
Alphonso, Himsagar, and Banganapalli are popular fiberless mango varieties known for their smooth pulp.
Can mangoes be stored for a long time?
Yes, ripe mangoes can be refrigerated for up to 5 days, and mango pulp can be frozen for several months.
